N cows (3 <= N <= 100) are eating grass in the middle of a field. So that they don't get lost, Farmer John wants to tie them together in a loop so that cow i is attached to cows i-1 and i+1. Note that cow N will be tied to cow 1 to complete the loop.
Each cow has a number of grazing spots she likes and will only be happy if she ends up situated at one of these spots. Given that Farmer John must ensure the happiness of his cows when placing them, compute the shortest length of rope he needs to tie them all in a loop. It is possible for different parts of the loop to cross each other.