Given a connected, undirected graph G = (V, E), where V is the vertex set consisting a collection of nodes, and E is the set of edges, each of which connects two nodes from V. A vertex subset S is a separator if the subgraph induced by the vertices in V, but not in S, has two connected components. We shall use the notation [S, W, B] to represent the partition, where the removal of the separator S will give two connected components W and B.
In this problem, we consider the separators in grids. Each node in a grid is connected to its eight neighbors (if they exist). In Figure-1, we illustrate a partition of a 6*6 grid with a 9-point separator (gray nodes in the figure). The nodes on the left of the separator are in set W (white nodes), and the nodes on the right of the separator are in set B (black nodes).
To simplify the problem, you can assume that all the separators referred in this problem satisfy the following restrictions:
1) It’s a minimal separator. A separator is minimal if no subset of it forms a separator.
2) It begins from a node on the top line of the grid, except the corner (i.e. 30 and 35 in the figures), and ends with a node on the bottom line of the grid, also except the corner (i.e. 0 and 5 in the figures).
3) On its way from top to bottom, it can go left, right or down, but never go up.
Now we describe a method to improve a given partition on a grid, through which we can reduce the number of nodes in the separator. This method contains two steps:
1) Select several nodes from B and add them into S. Any of the selected nodes must have a left neighbor which is in S.
2) Remove several nodes from S (excluding the nodes added in the former step), and add them into W.
After the improvement, we should ensure S is still a separator, and make the number of nodes in S as small as possible. As for Figure-1, we should add 14 and 20 into S, and remove 7, 13, 19 and 25 from S. After that, we obtain a new partition with a 7-point separator shown in Figure-2.
Your task is, given a partition on a grid, to determine the least number of nodes in the separator after the improvement.