The input begins with an integer T (T <= 20), indicating the number of test case. The first line of each case contains a string S, which consists of N (1 <= N <= 100000) lowercase English letters. The second line contains an integer Q (1 <= N <= 100000), indicating the number of queries. The following Q lines each contain two integers L and R (1 <= L <= R <= N).
The total length of all the strings is not larger than 500000, and the total number of queries is not larger than 200000.